What are the Benefits of Resin Bound Driveways?

– All Your Questions Answered

Resin Bound Driveways – The Ultimate Guide to Installation and Maintenance

Are you tired of dealing with cracks, potholes, and unsightly stains on your driveway?

Maybe it’s time to consider a resin bound driveway.

Resin bound driveways are becoming an increasingly popular choice for homeowners due to their durability, low maintenance, and aesthetic appeal.

But with so many questions surrounding the installation, maintenance, and benefits of resin bound driveways, it can be tough to know where to start. In this article, we’ll answer the most commonly asked questions about resin bound driveways, so you can decide if it’s the right choice for you.

What Types of Resin are Available for Resin Bound Driveways?

The two main types of resin suitable for resin bound driveways are:

Aliphatic Polyurethane – UV stable – This is the best option for driveways, pathways and patios. The protection offered from UV will prolong the life of a driveway and also limit discoloration.

Aromatic Polyurethane – UV unstable –  Exposure to the sun, specifically ultra violet rays from sun will cause discoloration over time because the resin will darken making the aggregate (stone) appear darker, too.

Which Type of Resin to Use?

Aliphatic polyurethane resin is known for its high performance and durability, and it is particularly well-suited for areas that are exposed to heavy traffic and harsh weather conditions.

Aromatic Polyurethane should be used with a lighter aggregate as is chosen as Aromatic Polyurethane will darken the aggregates.

Also when parts of your driveway are in the shade then Aliphatic Polyurethane is the only way to go. The areas that still have exposure in the sun may discolour when an Aromatic resin is used.

Aromatic Polyurethane resin is resistant to UV rays, which means that it won’t fade or become discolored over time. It is also highly resistant to chemicals and oils, which makes it a good choice for areas where vehicles will be parked. 

One of the main advantages of aliphatic polyurethane resin is its long lifespan. This type of resin can last for up to 20 years or more with proper installation and maintenance, which makes it a great investment for homeowners who want a long-lasting driveway.

However, one of the drawbacks of aliphatic polyurethane resin is its slower curing time. This means that it may take longer to install than other types of resin.  Additionally, aliphatic polyurethane resin is typically more expensive than other types of resin, which can be a consideration for homeowners who are working within a budget. 

Overall, aliphatic polyurethane resin is a high-performance resin that is well-suited for resin driveways. It offers durability, chemical and oil resistance, and a long lifespan. Homeowners should work with a professional installer to determine if it is the right choice for their specific needs and budget. 

Older Epoxy based resins are still around but caution is urged with this type of resin.

Watch the Video Guide on Resin Bound Driveways

Are resin driveways permeable?

Yes, resin driveways can be permeable if they are installed using a resin bound system. Resin bound driveways consist of a mixture of resin and aggregate that is troweled onto a prepared surface, resulting in a smooth and seamless finish. 

One of the advantages of resin bound driveways is that they are permeable, allowing water to pass through the surface and into the ground below. This can help to reduce the risk of flooding, prevent damage to nearby waterways, and improve overall drainage in the area. 

The permeability of resin bound driveways is achieved through the use of a porous aggregate, such as kiln-dried gravel or crushed stone. This allows water to seep through the surface and into the sub base layer, where it can then be absorbed into the ground below. 

It is important to note that not all resin driveways are permeable. Resin bonded driveways, for example, consist of a layer of resin applied to a prepared surface, with aggregate scattered on top. This type of driveway is not permeable, as the resin only bonds the aggregate to the surface, rather than allowing water to pass through. 

When considering a resin driveway installation, it is important to discuss the permeability of the system with the installer to ensure that the appropriate system is selected for the specific needs and requirements of the project. 

Do Ruts Form on Resin Bound Driveways?

While resin driveways are generally known for their durability and resistance to wear and tear, they can still develop ruts over time if they are subjected to heavy or repeated traffic. Ruts can be caused by a variety of factors, such as the weight of vehicles, the frequency of use, and the composition of the sub base. 

To minimize the risk of ruts forming on a resin driveway, it is important to ensure that the driveway is properly designed and installed with a sturdy and well-compacted sub base layer. The sub base layer helps to distribute the weight of vehicles and prevent the surface from becoming uneven or damaged over time. 

In addition, it is important to avoid parking heavy vehicles in the same spot on the driveway for extended periods of time, as this can increase the risk of rut formation.

Frequent turning of front wheels of a vehicle (especially on a gradient) will also increase the risk of rut formation.

Therefore, it’s a good idea to ask the following questions at the planning stages.

• What vehicular motions are needed?
• Do you drive straight in and out?
• Do you need to reverse and turn?
• What is the weight of vehicle/s?

Regular maintenance, such as sweeping and pressure washing the surface, can also help to prevent the buildup of debris and dirt that can contribute to rut formation. 

Overall, while ruts can potentially form on resin driveways, proper installation, maintenance, and use can help to minimize the risk of damage and prolong the lifespan of the surface. 

If Resin is just like glue, does the Bonding stay strong?

Generally, two types of test are carried out during the manufacturing process for resin that can be used for the installation of driveways:

1.Heat testing – This is an important test to ensure resilience against prolonged periods of hot weather.

Resin exposure to an average temperature of 70°C for 28 days to ensure suitability.

2. Water saturation test – As flooding is an increasing risk within certain regions.

Therefore, resin is soaked with water at a temperature of 23°C  for 7 days to test its resilience.

Outcome: The importance of these types of tests are to confirm that the strength of bonds (at a molecular level) is maintained.

If a resin has been tested to these standards or those that go above and beyond the parameters outlined, the resin should be of sufficient strength for driveway use.

What happens if petrol or oil leaks onto my resin bound driveway?

If petrol or oil leaks onto a resin bound driveway, it is important to clean it up as soon as possible to avoid damage to the surface. If the spill is not cleaned up promptly, it can penetrate the resin and cause discoloration, staining, or even degradation of the surface. 

It should be noted, however, that resin bound surfaces generally have superior resistance to these types of spills.

What tests confirm this?

Typically, tests will have been performed for the following liquids with 2 to 7 day exposures:

• Petrol
• Diesel
• Hydraulic fluid
• Antifreeze
• Engine oil
• Battery acid

Battery acid, engine oil and hydraulic fluid will have the most impact if left.

However, its still best to clean it up as soon as possible.

To clean up a petrol or oil spill on a resin bound driveway, the affected area should be cleaned with a mild detergent and water mixture. If the spill has already hardened or set, a commercial degreaser may be necessary to break down the oil or petrol before cleaning it up. It is important to avoid using harsh chemicals, such as bleach or acetone, as they can damage the resin surface. 

After cleaning the area, it is recommended to rinse it thoroughly with water and allow it to dry completely. If the affected area is heavily stained or discolored, it may be necessary to reapply a topcoat of resin to restore the appearance of the driveway. 

Prevention is key to avoid petrol or oil spills on a resin bound driveway. If a spill occurs, it is important to clean it up promptly to avoid damage to the surface. Additionally, it is a good idea to use drip pans or trays underneath vehicles that may leak fluids, and to avoid parking vehicles that are known to leak oil or petrol on the driveway. 

Due to the chemical reactions caused by spillages of liquids such as petrol or oil, thinning of resin may occur, if left.

Therefore, it’s important to remove any spillages as soon as possible. It should be noted, however, that resin bound surfaces generally have superior resistance to these types of spills.

What about Surface Water Drainage?

The size of the aggregate used will impact surface water drainage on resin bound driveways. For optimal drainage 6mm or 10mm aggregate is best. If there are natural falls to bedding areas 3mm aggregate can also be used.

When you think about it, a 3mm aggregate packs together much more tightly than a larger aggregate. Therefore, less water can escape which may cause drainage issues in prolonged, heavy rain conditions.

What depth is right for a Resin Bound Driveway Installation?

The depth of a resin bound driveway installation can vary depending on a number of factors, including the type of sub base being used, the intended use of the driveway, and the expected traffic load.

In general, a typical resin bound driveway installation will involve a minimum depth of 18mm to 20mm of resin and aggregate combined. This depth allows for a good balance between strength, durability, and a smooth, even finish.

Generally the following depths are sufficient:

• 3mm aggregate – 12mm depth
• 6mm aggregate – 18mm depth
• 10mm aggregate – 22mm depth

However, in some cases, a thicker depth may be required. For example, if the driveway is intended for heavy vehicles or regular use by commercial vehicles, a thicker depth may be necessary to ensure that the surface can withstand the weight and wear and tear.

The depth of the sub base will also play a role in determining the overall depth of the installation. A thicker sub base may allow for a thinner layer of resin and aggregate, while a thinner sub base may require a thicker layer to ensure adequate stability and strength.

It is important to work with an experienced and qualified installer to determine the appropriate depth for a resin bound driveway installation based on the specific needs and requirements of the project. The installer should also ensure that the installation is done in accordance with industry best practices and guidelines to ensure a strong, durable, and long-lasting surface.

Does the outside temperature have an effect on a Resin Bound Driveway installation?

Yes, the outside temperature can have an effect on a resin bound driveway installation. In general, the ideal temperature range for resin bound driveway installations is between 5°C and 25°C. 

Installation should not be attempted if relative humidity is greater than 78% or if temperatures are heading below 5*C.

If the temperature is too low, the resin may not cure properly, leading to a weaker surface and a shorter lifespan for the driveway. Additionally, low temperatures can make the resin more difficult to work with, making it harder to achieve a smooth, even finish. 

On the other hand, if the temperature is too high, the resin may cure too quickly, making it difficult to work with and leading to a rough or uneven surface. High temperatures can also cause the resin to bubble or blister, which can weaken the surface and lead to cracking or other damage over time. 

To ensure a successful resin bound driveway installation, it is important to choose a time of year when the temperatures are within the recommended range. The installer should also take steps to protect the surface from extreme temperature fluctuations during the installation process, such as using shading or covering to prevent direct sunlight or excessive heat exposure. 

Overall, the temperature is an important factor to consider when planning a resin bound driveway installation, and working with a qualified and experienced installer can help to ensure that the installation is done properly and in the right conditions to create a strong, durable, and long-lasting surface. 

Top TiP: Check Met Office website. (before installation!)

What type of Sub Base can Resin be applied to?

Resin bound driveways require a strong and stable sub base to ensure that the finished surface is level, durable, and long-lasting. There are several types of sub base materials that can be used for resin bound driveways, depending on the specific needs and requirements of the project.

Here are some of the most common sub base materials used for resin bound driveways:

• Type 1 MOT: This is a crushed stone aggregate that is graded to meet certain specifications for size and quality. It is a common sub base material for driveways, as it is strong, durable, and provides good drainage.
• Type 3 MOT: This is a lighter-weight crushed stone aggregate that is also graded to meet certain specifications. It is often used for smaller projects or where the ground conditions are less stable.
• Concrete: In some cases, a concrete sub base may be used for resin bound driveways. This is typically only recommended for larger projects where a high level of stability and load-bearing capacity is required.
• Asphalt: Similarly, an asphalt sub base may be used for resin bound driveways in certain situations. This is typically only recommended for larger projects where a high level of stability and load-bearing capacity is required.

When choosing a sub base material for a resin bound driveway, it is important to consider factors such as the size of the project, the type of traffic that will be using the driveway, and the condition of the ground beneath the surface. A qualified and experienced installer can help to determine the best sub base material for a specific project, and ensure that it is installed correctly to provide a strong and stable base for the resin bound surface.

Can Grids be used for Resin Bound Driveways?

Yes, gravel grids can be used for the installation of resin bound driveways. Gravel grids, also known as ground reinforcement grids, are made from a variety of materials, such as plastic or concrete, and they are designed to provide a stable base for loose materials, such as gravel or stone. 

To install a resin bound driveway using gravel grids, the first step is to prepare the base by excavating the area and ensuring that it is level and compacted. Next, the gravel grids are laid on top of the prepared base, and then filled with a layer of aggregate or stone. The resin is then applied to the surface of the stone layer, and smoothed out to create a smooth, even surface. 

Using gravel grids for resin bound driveways offers several benefits. First, it helps to create a stable and strong base for the driveway, which can help to prevent cracking and other damage over time. Second, it allows for good drainage of surface water, which is important for preventing flooding and water damage. Finally, it helps to create a consistent and even surface for the resin to be applied, which can help to ensure a smooth and attractive finished product. 

However, it is important to note that the quality and durability of the gravel grids can vary depending on the material and manufacturer. It is important to choose high-quality, durable gravel grids to ensure that they will provide a stable and long-lasting base for the resin bound driveway. Additionally, it is important to work with a professional installer who has experience in using gravel grids for resin bound driveways to ensure that the installation is done correctly and to a high standard. 

More on grid systems

What technique is best to mix aggregate (stone) with Resin for best finish on Resin Driveways?

To achieve the best finish on a resin bound driveway, it is important to mix the aggregate (stone) and resin together in the correct ratio and using the right technique. 

The recommended technique for mixing aggregate with resin is to use a forced action mixer. This type of mixer uses a powerful motor to mix the two materials together thoroughly and evenly, ensuring that all of the aggregate is coated in resin and that there are no dry spots or clumps. A forced action mixer also helps to prevent air bubbles from forming in the mixture, which can cause imperfections in the finished surface. 

The ratio of aggregate to resin can vary depending on the specific product being used and the desired finish, but typically ranges from 3:1 to 5:1. 

When mixing the aggregate and resin, it is important to work quickly and efficiently to ensure that the mixture remains workable and does not set too quickly. It is also important to ensure that the aggregate is evenly distributed throughout the mixture and that there are no dry spots or clumps. 

Once the mixture is ready, it should be spread evenly over the prepared surface of the driveway and smoothed out to create a flat, even surface. A trowel or float can be used to help spread the mixture and create a smooth finish. 

 A forced action mixer for resin driveways

What tools are used for Resin Bound Driveway installations?

A spazzle

A spazzle to work the resin

As long as mixing is done close to the area of application using a spazzle and then troweling in should be sufficient. Larger areas may require using a screed box.

Why it’s important to use ‘kiln dried’ aggregate (stone) on Resin Bound Driveways?

Using kiln dried aggregate (stone) is important for resin bound driveways because it helps to ensure a strong and durable bond between the aggregate and the resin. Kiln drying involves heating the aggregate to a high temperature, which removes any moisture and ensures that it is completely dry before being mixed with the resin.

When wet or damp aggregate is mixed with resin, it can cause several problems. First, the moisture can react with the resin, causing it to set too quickly and making it difficult to work with. This can lead to an uneven finish and potentially compromise the structural integrity of the driveway. Second, the moisture in the aggregate can create air pockets or bubbles in the mixture, which can also cause imperfections in the finished surface.

Kiln dried aggregate, on the other hand, is completely dry and free of moisture. This ensures that the aggregate and resin can be mixed together thoroughly and evenly, without any issues related to moisture. The result is a strong and durable bond between the aggregate and the resin, which helps to create a long-lasting and stable surface for the driveway.

In addition, using kiln dried aggregate can also help to prevent problems with the appearance of the finished driveway. Wet or damp aggregate can sometimes contain clay or other contaminants that can cause staining or discoloration in the finished surface. Kiln dried aggregate is typically cleaner and more consistent in color, which can help to create a more uniform and attractive finish on the driveway.

If you’re looking for a professional quality driven resin bound specialist:

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